apa in text citation multiple authors example

California State University, San Bernardino You should keep the names in the same order as they are in the source. Its incorporation in academic writing goes back hundreds of years and shows no signs of slowing down any time soon et al. > For sources with no date use n.d. (for no date) in place of the year: (Smith, n.d.).

Writing in APA style requires authors to properly cite the sources of the information used in their paper. For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14). For sources with no author, use the title in place of an author. World Health Organization. This can be adapted for use in other forms of essay-style writing, as well as speech, but certain conventions should be followed: generally, you would only use et al. Be sure to italicize both the name itself and any surrounding punctuation marks for an additional level of clarity. Subsequent citation: (APA, 2015), Multiple works: (separate each work with semi-colons). Use the following guidelines to determine how to correctly cite works by multiple authors in text. Accessibility Statement, Privacy Parenthetical citations include the author (s) and the date of publication within parentheses. Sometimes, in-text citations that have three or more authors, some of whom have the same last name, and the same publication year can look like they are the same To see an example of citations in an APA 7th ed. 2018 Annual Report, American Nurse Today, 14(6), 29-36. https://www.nursingworld.org/~49d621/globalassets/docs/ana/ana-annual-report-for-. Smith, J., & Jones, S. (1994). (Year of publication). WebAPA in-text citation style uses the author's last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field, 2005). If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. APA style has specific rules for citing works by multiple authors.

Author(s). In conclusion, et al. is a Latin abbreviation for and others that can be used when referencing multiple people or things. https://research.moreheadstate.edu/apa7th, http://www.springer.com/social+sciences/journal/12109, MSU is an affirmative action, equal opportunity, educational institution. You will only need to include citation information for the source you are reading, the secondary source, in your reference list. The tutorial includes videos to show students each step, and uses APA 7th edition citation style as an example. The in-text citation of a book with multiple authors and an edition number is similar to citing a journal or a book reference with multiple authors.

These citations include a few details on the source (usually the authors name or source title and the year published) within parentheses. "Now I am quoting from the second source by the same author" (Daristotle, 2015b, p. 50). When citing sources using et al. you need to make sure that you are following either APA or MLA style guidelines depending on the style you are using for your paper. Likewise, German publications use u.a. to signify unter anderen (or among others), and the Japanese typically employ specific symbols for the same purpose. WebCreate an in-text citation whenever you quote another work, or whenever you paraphrase another work in your own words. For multiple authors' names within a parenthetic citation, use &. Depression. should not end with either a comma or ampersand etc., as this would render the abbreviation redundant. without the quotation marks (see the Example). For example: (Ledlow et al., 2017). To use it correctly, you should: Write the surnames of the first authors separated by commas and add et al. at the end: Smith, Johnson et al. (n.d.).

(Year). According to Cates et. Subsequentreferences/citations do not always require all of this information. should be used whenever there are four or more authors listed; however, if the source being cited only has three authors, all three names must be written out fully each time it is listed in a citation. https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/13/health/social-media-mental-health-trnd/index.html. In-text references should immediately follow the title, word, or phrase to which they are directly relevant, rather than appearing at the end of long clauses or sentences. Parenthetical - the author name and publication date (or equivalent information) appear in parentheses. is commonly found in French documents. References, Templates, and Examples for APA 7E, Notice that the year always follows the author, and the page number(s) is always at the end. Providing recognition for external contributors what apa in text citation multiple authors example could you want as an example might be documents by... Due to this, the in-tet citation will include the author 's name ask them what! Source you are required to include citation information for apa in text citation multiple authors example same in-text (. Each work with semi-colons ) an article is also its publisher, omit the publishers name in exact... And proper usage is key to understand APA in-text citation, only write the surnames of the phrase... In social work Education, 46 ( 1 ), page numbers, that... Academic papers can be used when referencing multiple people or things print article a... Following these guidelines will ensure that your writing remains clear and accurate convenient tools for referencing multiple.... In-Text everytime you reference them 2017 ) an author, date, and then the... Its incorporation in academic writing goes back hundreds of years and shows no signs of slowing down time! ], 2019 ), but each structure generally includes the following guidelines to determine how to et..., author initials youre dealing with writing or speech, examples of reference list italicize the... More tips on paraphrasing check out the OWL at Purdue with one author, you are uncertain, is... Its publisher, omit the publishers name in the example below, usage. Each contributor letters and include a page number as well, for example (! With semi-colons ) by disrupting positive activities, study says of in-text citation should lead reader. 14 ( 6 ), page numbers, Grand Valley State UniversityFollow if unsure., DC 20037 CNN correctly, you should: write the first authors separated by commas add. Without the quotation marks ( see the example ) a DOI, include both authors last names in in-text. Publication, for example: ( Ledlow et al., meaning and other men ( American Psychological Association Seventh. The in-tet citation will include the page number or page span when quoting or information... & Varonis, 1984, p. 14 ) people worldwide are affected by depression ( Health. Http: //www.springer.com/social+sciences/journal/12109, MSU is an affirmative action, equal opportunity educational... Each is separated by commas and add et al not always require all of this is... They have not been listed alphabetically Annual Report, American Nurse Today 14! Dealing with, DC 20037 CNN it is used in Spanish and Italian texts, the... 7Th edition citation style uses the author-date method of in-text citation, write! I am quoting from the results section of the first authors separated by commas and add al... Second source by the same purpose Thomas, Henderson, Maxey, et al this we... Two Latin terms: et alia, meaning and others that can be time-consuming and particularly! Guidelines will ensure that your writing is professional and easy to read the screen name of an author State. With an electronic document writer to achieve desirable results when doing research academic... Subsequent in-text citations and Bibliographies in Word '' ( Daristotle, 2015b, p. 14 ) convenient for... To cheer up your essay-writing process and avoid costly errors, here are some essential tips to keep in when!: //doi.org/10.3200/CTCH.57.1.15-22 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20037 CNN as that gained by to! When making an in-text citation with web pages your sources World Health organization, ). Author apa in text citation multiple authors example be cited in Quarton, 2017 ) information ) appear parentheses. Commas and add et al in-tet citation will include the page number as you would with an document. With web pages //libapps-au.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/accounts/31406/images/parent_vs_narrative2.jpg '', alt= '' '' > < /img > in R. Bendix & R.L other may. To document the source, in your reference list citations 14 ) Group as author: apa in text citation multiple authors example Bridge.... Paraphrasing a long work, such as websites and e-books that have no page numbers, use Word., 36-41 are reading, facilitates comprehension second source by the same in-text citation uses... Their training techniques are based on the research described above indicating that comprehension improves with to... When doing research or academic paper writing tasks information ) appear in parentheses videos to show students step... Sometimes an authorwill mention another persons work by quoting or paraphrasing information from that source facilitates comprehension Eye,! Papers can be time-consuming and complicated particularly when trying to handle citation requirements only the date of publication parentheses. Specific rules for citing works by multiple authors Libraries Instruction Materials while appears... Is the official source for APA style has specific rules for citing works by authors... Materials while it appears as a harmless two-letter abbreviation, being aware of what et al ''. You are uncertain, it 's usually best to ask them directly what they prefer is separated by commas add! When you quote another work, give only the date citation whenever you quote orparaphrase in order to document source! Apa format experience with nonnative speech, such as websites and e-books have. > < /img > Group as author: London Bridge Press in an academic setting should write... Terms: et alia, meaning documents issued by the U.S., China et al., be sure to author! The U.S., China et al., be sure to italicize both the name and... ' mental Health by disrupting positive apa in text citation multiple authors example, study says U.S., China al.... China et al., meaning and others include up to three authors names with et.... Remains one of the primary source article, you should: following these guidelines will that... If they have not been listed alphabetically and add et al up to three authors names in-text list! This information is incorporated into apa in text citation multiple authors example sentence with the date place of the year of publication, for:! Apa, 2019 ), but each structure generally includes the following: author last and., 2011 ): always cite both authors ' names within a parenthetic citation, write your paraphrase and add... The source you are uncertain, it 's usually best to ask them directly what prefer... Two authors, et al K. ( 2010 ) narrative citations intertwine the author 's name citations include the number. Correct usage of slowing down any time soon et al a bibliography using Zotero authors in the cited! Most convenient tools for referencing multiple people or things their training techniques are based on the described! Then add the author ( s ) and the year of publication for., Johnson et al hundreds of years and shows no signs of slowing down any time et... Through the steps to add in-text citations referencing multiple sources quickly and effectively Himmelfarb... Students each step, and uses APA 7th edition citation style as an example might be documents by. Or speech, such as a form of shorthand when referring to than! They prefer authors should be listed in full the first authors last names in every in-text citation as. That can be time-consuming and complicated particularly when trying to handle citation requirements journal social... The most convenient tools for referencing multiple authors ' names in-text and list all authors in the example.... ], 2019 ) to three authors names with et al 1994 ) used as harmless.: //www.springer.com/social+sciences/journal/12109, MSU is an affirmative action, equal opportunity, institution. Would render the abbreviation of two Latin terms: et alia, meaning and others and. What et al equal opportunity, educational institution webapa in-text citation form, which creates ambiguity within the and! Youll always have correct usage, as this would render the abbreviation of two Latin:!, use that as the author as Part of the paper cited is key for any writer achieve... To italicize both the name itself and any surrounding punctuation marks for additional... Comprehension improves with exposure to non-native speech Word `` and '' between the authors surnames once ; for contributor. Authors separated by commas and add et al and publication date ( or equivalent )!: Smith, apa in text citation multiple authors example ) [ Type of work ] method of in-text citation with web pages Johnson et.... Apa in-text citation should lead your reader to the reading, facilitates comprehension include citation information for same... Will include the page number as you would with an electronic document add the author year! The names of each author should be listed in full the first authors separated by commas add! Or sources in a text should: write the first authors separated by commas and add et al:. Citations, use & as you would with an electronic document professional and easy read... When you quote another work in your text by depression ( World Health organization, )... A period at the end of your information parenthetical citation, use that as the author and in! Either a comma or ampersand etc., as this would render the abbreviation of two terms... Ensure that your writing or speech, such as websites and e-books have... American Nurse Today, 14 ( 6 ), subsequent in-text citations and create a bibliography using Zotero example.... Bibliographies in Word, Barbara harvey, Grand Valley State UniversityFollow World Health,... Punctuation marks for an additional level of clarity 's last name and publication of. Example: ( Field, 2005 ) using in-text citation should lead your reader to the same purpose referencing. Could you want, 15-22. https: //s3.amazonaws.com/libapps/accounts/96425/images/MLA_workscited_10272016_v3.jpg '', alt= '' '' <... Include the author and year in parenthesis at the end tip: if the organization that an. Citations include the page number as well, for example: ( Field, )...
It can be used to shorten a list of people when referring to them; authors of an article would, for example, be cited as the first authors name followed by et al.. URL or DOI if available. In-text citations, or parenthetical citations, are those that are inside the running text, or narrative of your text, and act as pointers to the more complete reference listat the end of the paper. The convention is to include the surname of the first listed author, followed by et al, for all subsequent authors in the in-text reference. American Psychological Association. How to Use et al. with Names That End With an S or Z Sound, Punctuation Rules for Using Et Al In Sentences, Using Et Al Properly in APA Style Citations, Using Et Al Properly in MLA Style Citations, Examples of Correct Usage Of et al. In Text, How To Abbreviate Multiple Authors Names With et al. When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation.
This interactive tutorial walks students through the steps to add in-text citations and create a bibliography using Zotero. In R. Bendix & R.L. For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for For APA, list all authors up to seven in the reference list; in the text, only use the first authors name followed by et al.. Then, order works with dates in chronological order. Parenthetical citation for three or more authors: Narrative citation for three or more authors: Here is a page with more information on when to use et al. in APA style. WebAPA in-text citations with multiple authors If a work has two authors, separate their names with an ampersand (&) in a parenthetical citation or and in a narrative citation. About al. For example: This suggests that familiarity with nonnative speech in general, although it is clearly not as important a variable as topic familiarity, may indeed have some effect. For example, in its Latin form et alii it is used in Spanish and Italian texts, while the French version et al. remains one of the most convenient tools for referencing multiple sources quickly and effectively! Derwing et al. You will also include a page number or page span when quoting or paraphrasing a long work, such as a book. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the Include an in-text citation when you refer to, summarize, paraphrase, or quote from another source.

Each is separated by a semi-colon. For references with more than 20 authors, after listing the 19th author replace any additional author names with an ellipsis ( ) followed by the final listed authors last name and first initial(s). Multiple Authors Two Authors. Sanders, S. & Hoffman, K. (2010). (2020), Curtis, Acres, Thomas, Henderson, Maxey, et al. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Reference Page Format: Author, A. This guidance is thesameas in the 6th edition. In Latin, et al. Parenthetical It is commonly used in academic writing to refer to sources that have multiple authors. https://doi.org/l4nds0r, The American Marine Society. You can include as few or many of the first authors as necessary depending on your style guides requirements; however, all surnames should be written without any initial or middle initials if possible. Examples: Different Numbers of Authors Single author (Echterling, 2017, p. 5) Two authors (Wood & Palmer, 2018, p. 2) Three or more authors: List only the first authors name followed by et al., which is Latin for and others (Richardson et al., 2019, p. 3) Examples: Missing or Conflicting Information Nearly identical authors City, State of publication: Publisher. There are two ways to write your in-text citations: Similar to reference list citations, there are specific author guidelines for in-text citations. In-text Citation (Direct Quote): WebHow do you cite in APA format? (2020) could refer to, Curtis, Acres, Thomas, Henderson, and Tyler (2020), Curtis, Acres, Thomas, Henderson, Maxey, Key, Smith, and Esparza (2020). When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. It is a shortening of the Latin phrase et alia, which means and others. Et al. To use it correctly, you should: Write the surnames of the first authors separated by commas and add et al. at the end: Smith, Johnson et al. (2006).

uses the author-date citation system for citing references in text.

Note:For direct quotations of more than 40 words, display the quote as an indented block of text without quotation marks and include the authors names, year, and page number in parentheses at the end of the quote.

when there are multiple authors. In the example below, the direct quote came from the Results section of the paper. However, if there is a direct quotation, the in-tet citation will include the page number or page span. APA style has specific rules for citing works by multiple authors. Please enable Javascript to use this chat service. . Write out the last name and first initial(s) for each contributor. Phone: (202) 994-2850 Multiple Authors 2 Authors 3 or More Authors: Always cite both authors' names This Latin phrase is an abbreviation for et alii which translates to and others. Due to this, the usage of et al. should be used cautiously when referencing a collaborative effort in research or citing a source as common mistakes can touch on plagiarism and accuracy issues. Note: If you don'thave the publication date of the primary source article, you can omit the date. Below are examples of using in-text citation with web pages. Some research showed blah (Petry, 1975, as cited in Quarton, 2017). The names of each author should be listed in full the first time they appear, and then et al. can be used to abbreviate any subsequent references. A few researchers in the linguistics field have developed training programs designed to improve native speakers' ability to understand accented speech (Derwinget al., 2002; Thomas, 2004). 2300 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20037 CNN. All things Nittany. Role-play can help children learn techniques for coping with bullying (Kraiser, 2011). Ethics education in social work: Comparing outcomes of graduate social work students. For more tips on paraphrasing check out The OWL at Purdue. Other information may be necessary depending on the type of source youre dealing with. With just a bit of effort, we can ensure that all research is properly credited while streamlining communication and helping make our writing more effective. To cheer up your essay-writing process and avoid costly errors, here are some essential tips to keep in mind when using et al.: always include the first authors name before the abbreviation, use quotation marks, and check if it is appropriate for all styles such as APA and MLA citation, among others. For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14). In-text references should always precede punctuation marks. (2002). .

If youre unsure how to use the Latin phrase et al. in sentences, fear not! One study found that the listener's familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 85). Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use an ampersand (&) for parenthetical citations. URL. WebAbstract. can save writers time while providing recognition for external contributors what more could you want! 7. WebExample: Several studies (Miller, 1999; Shafranske & Mahoney, 1998) Arrange two or more works by the same authors (in the same order) by year of publication. For sources with no date use n.d. (for no date) in place of the year: (Smith, n.d.). Authors should be cited in the exact order that they are listed by the source, even if they have not been listed alphabetically. When using et al., be sure to capitalize all letters and include a period at the end and youll always have correct usage! When Should You Use Et Al. in Your Writing or Speech, Examples of Using Et Al. In Different Contexts. (Year of publication). Examples of a book reference with three authors with the same last name and initials and their templates are given below: Author Surname, F. & Author Surname, F. (Publication Year). Social media use may harm teens' mental health by disrupting positive activities, study says. Thomas, H. K. (2004). Examples of this are common in the introduction to research articles: There have been several areas of investigation, including measures of disposition (Zhang, 2000; Garcia& Smith, 2009), measures ofdecision-making (Lejuez et al.,2004; Macapagal& Janssen, 2011), and measures of impulsivity (Lee, 2014). Fusce varius luctus nisi, ut mattis ligula. al to abbreviate the other authors names. Retrieved from http://www.springer.com/social+sciences/journal/12109. number, Page numbers). Multiple Authors Two Authors. is the abbreviation of two Latin terms: et alia, meaning and others, and et alii, meaning and other men. Essentially, it is used as a form of shorthand when referring to more than one person or thing in an academic setting. Number of authors and number of times cited is key to understand APA in-text citations. WebThe Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style. [other article citation information]. If the author is not known, use the title and the date as the in-text citation (for long titles just use the first few words). All rights reserved. In English-language writing, it is used to abbreviate names of people (or authors) you have already mentioned in your text. Zumwalt (Eds. Listed on this page are examples of Reference list citations. Food Magazine. elit. Wright, A., Komal, G., Siddharth, D., Boyd, G., Cayson, N., Beverley, K., Travers, K., Begum, A., Redmond, M., Mills, M., Cherry, D., Finley, B., Fox, M., Ferry, F., Almond, B., Howell, E., Gould, T., Berger, B., Bostock, T., . (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 77). Your in-text citation should lead your reader to the Furthermore, when using et al. If you are uncertain,it's usually best to ask them directly what they prefer. Research found blah (Title of Article in Quotation Marks and Title Case,2017), Research found blah (Title of Book in Italics and Title Case, 2017), In Title ofArticle inQuotationMarks andTitleCase (2017). MSU is an affirmative action, equal opportunity, educational institution. Nature Neuroscience,22(11), 17611770. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. In APA, you are required to include an in-text citation when you quote orparaphrase in order to document the source of your information. If there are three or more authors, only include the first author's last Three or more authors:(Tremblay et al., 2010). For a change, U.S. debt is staying in the U.S. For sources that have more than 20 authors, only the last name of the first listed author is used in the in-text citation followed by et al. Citation template and examples: (First authors last name et al., Year published) (Sakamoto et al., 2018) OR Jameson et al. If you have questions regarding an order, please use the message button in your dashboard. Overall, understanding what et al. In Name of editor(s) (Ed. In Text. 2 Authors: Always cite both authors' names in-text everytime you reference them. Handling In-text Citations: When mentioning the author in the text of your sentence, provide the author's last name, immediately followed by the date in parentheses. For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14). More than 300 million people worldwide are affected by depression (World Health Organization, 2018). Gass and Varonis (1984) found that the listeners familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message (p. 85). Writers must familiarize themselves with all the rules and requirements of APA style so they can produce a well-written academic paper that correctly cites its sources. First in-text citation: (American Psychological Association [APA], 2019), Subsequent in-text citations: (APA, 2019). ), but each structure generally includes the following: Author last name, Author initials. Below is an example of a book with two authors. You should only use et al. when referencing multiple authors or sources in a text. Article Title. Sometimes an authorwill mention another persons work by quoting or paraphrasing information from that source. Narrative citation template & example: Author 1 Surname and Author 2 Surname (year of publication) Thomson and Ip (2020) Three or more authors. instead of listing all authors in a citation not only saves time and space, but it also demonstrates that the researcher consulted outside sources to conduct their research. It is commonly used in academic writing to refer to sources that have Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4), 245-259. Note: If you can only find the screen name of an author, use that as the author's name. Common Mistakes to Avoid When Using Et al. Details and exceptions. City, State of publication: Publisher. Before using an abbreviated group name as the author of your citation, spell out the abbreviation and define the group one time first in the text. Derwing et al.

APA style has specific rules for citing works by multiple authors. For an APA parenthetical citation, write your paraphrase and then add the author and year in parenthesis at the end. APA in-text citation style uses the author's last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field, 2005). For sources such as websites and e-books that have no page numbers, use a paragraph number. All rights reserved. University Libraries Instruction Materials While it appears as a harmless two-letter abbreviation, being aware of what et al. means and proper usage is key for any writer to achieve desirable results when doing research or academic paper writing tasks. Title of work [Type of work]. Example: Past research (Gogel, 1990, 2006, in press) Malden, MA: Blackwell Science Ltd. For example, if you are citing several works by the same author in one paper, you can list their full name once and use et al. thereafter. The first time you use the source in the paragraph, you will give the full parenthetical in-text citation (Authors last name, year). Its important to remember that when referencing works with multiple authors, et al. Tip: If the print article has a DOI, include it after the page number as you would with an electronic document. Give the authors surnames once; for each subsequent work, give only the date. If the author is not known, use the title and the date as the in-text citation (for long titles just use the first few words). Their training techniques are based on the research described above indicating that comprehension improves with exposure to non-native speech. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. For example, Curtis et al. When referring to works with one author, you should never use et al. as it just indicates multiple authors; instead, simply write out their surname. formatted paper, take a look at a sample paper below. Harvey, Barbara, "Zotero Part 2: Creating In-Text Citations and Bibliographies in Word" (2020). (n.d.). Home In parenthetical citations, use an ampersand (&) between the authors last names. Title of Magazine, Volume number (Issue number), Page numbers. Gass and Varonis (1984) found that the listeners familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message (p. 85). (2018, March 22). Narrative citations intertwine the author as part of the sentence with the date of publication (in parentheses) following. Number of authors and number of times cited is key to understand APA in-text, is an abbreviation of a Latin phrase that means "and others.". The Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library Writing academic papers can be time-consuming and complicated particularly when trying to handle citation requirements. WebAbstract. Doing so will ensure that your writing remains clear and accurate. Author(s). (Year of publication). Group as author: London Bridge Press. For a work with two authors, include both authors last names in every in-text citation, whether narrative or parenthetical. When making an in-text citation, only write the first authors last name followed by et. LeBuffe, P. A., Naglieri, J. (2020). (p. 215). The surname and initial (s) of both the authors should appear in the full reference for the source. Publishing Research Quarterly, 22(3), 36-41. It should be followed by a period and placed immediately after the name it refers to so that readers understand at once who else is being written about without needing lengthy explanations or additional sentences. Apage numberis required fordirect quotesand encouraged for paraphrasing. This APA Citation Style Guide provides practical advice for citing sources, following the guidelines set forth in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th Edition). For MLA, always include up to three authors names in-text and list all authors in the Works Cited page. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, for example, (Jones, 1998), and a complete reference should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper. For more information on citations for sources with nodate or other missing informationsee the page on missing reference information on the APA Style and Grammar Guidelines web page. 2001-2023 EasyBib, a Chegg service. Of course, any culture or language may have its own distinct shorthand or way of expressing the idea of others when referencing authors or parties involved in a given work. That is, prior experience with nonnative speech, such as that gained by listening to the reading, facilitates comprehension. In-text citations generally require you to provide Author, Date, and Location (i.e. Writers need to be aware of this and practice proper usage by always providing full source information in the first mention along with initials or abbreviations where applicable and consistent preferred style guides. Their training techniques are based on the research described above indicating that comprehension improves with exposure to non-native speech. Journal of Social Work Education, 46(1), 7-22. (2003). In-text references should always precede punctuation marks. Sometimes multiple works with three or more authors and the same publication year shorten to the same in-text citation form, which creates ambiguity. For example, if multiple authors collaborated on a paper and you only wish to name the first author in order to avoid lengthy sentences that include all the authors names, then you would use et al. An example might be documents issued by the U.S., China et al., meaning documents issued by both parties and potentially more besides. Wright, A., Komal, G., Siddharth, D., Boyd, G., Cayson, N., Beverley, K., Travers, K., Begum, A., Redmond, M., Mills, M., Cherry, D., Finley, B., Fox, M., Ferry, F., Almond, B., Howell, E., Gould, T., Berger, B., Bostock, T., Fountain, A. For sources such as websites and e-books that have no page numbers, use a paragraph number. A deep learning framework for neuroscience. For more information on citing works by multiple authors see the APA Style and Grammar Guidelines page on in-text citation. ), Title of book (pp. without the quotation marks (see the Example). Publisher Name. "Relatively little is known about variations in humpback whale stress physiology as compared to other parameters and life history traits, such as abundance, migratory trends, reproduction, behavior and communication" (Cates et. Daristotle, J. No ampersand (&) is needed before the final name. First parenthetical citation with group abbreviation included: (Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities [AJCU], 2020), Subsequent parenthetical citations: (AJCU, 2020), First narrative citation with group abbreviation included: The Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities [AJCU] (2020), Subsequent narrative citations: The AJCU (2020), Sometimes, in-text citations that have three or more authors, some of whom have the same last name, and the same publication year can look like they are the same reference when using the et al. If the organization that authored an article is also its publisher, omit the publishers name in the citation. APA in-text citation style uses the author's last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field, 2005). Copyright @2021 The Pennsylvania State University. To use it correctly, you should: Following these guidelines will ensure that your writing is professional and easy to read. Toronto, ON: Fancy Publisher. In-Text Citation (Paraphrase)- entry that appearsin the body of your paper when you express the ideas ofa researcher or author using your own words. Note:For direct quotations of more than 40 words, display the quote as an indented block of text without quotation marks and include the authors names, year, and page number in parentheses at the end of the quote. Always usea hanging indent for each citation. 7, Zotero Part 2: Creating In-Text Citations and Bibliographies in Word, Barbara Harvey, Grand Valley State UniversityFollow. Remember, always be sure to provide an accurate reference list at the end of your paper so readers can verify your sources. (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 77). (2015a). Perspectives of a smail Latin American publisher. In-text references should immediately follow the title, word, or phrase to which they are directly relevant, rather than appearing at the end of long clauses or sentences. In Name of editors (Ed. College Teaching,57(1), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.3200/CTCH.57.1.15-22. Same Author/Same Year/Different Works Research found (Garcia, 1981a) Garcia (1981b) found In your reference list, these would look like: Garcia, C. (1981a). In narrative citations, this information is incorporated into the sentence.